At present, the world's advanced carbon fuel power cell technologies mainly include direct carbon fuel cells (DCFC) and solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC).

Direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC) is a fuel cell that uses an anode system that consumes pulverized coal and a cathode system that consumes oxygen in the surrounding air to obtain high DC voltage and current through a low-voltage battery stack, which is then converted into standard AC power. Its advantage is that the energy conversion power is high, which can theoretically reach more than 100%, and the fuel utilization rate can also reach 100%. The main attraction of DCFC is that it can build a full-scale integrated power plant at a cost comparable to that of a traditional pulverized coal power plant and achieve very high coal-to-electricity conversion efficiency. However, DCFC technology is still in the laboratory-scale development stage, has insufficient power output, and faces major challenges such as how to develop an economical and reasonable coal raw material pretreatment system.

On the other hand, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is an all-solid-state electrochemical power generation device that directly converts chemical energy in fuel and oxidant into electrical energy. Its energy conversion efficiency is high, reaching about 60%, and the heat generated for cogeneration can reach more than 80%. SOFC is regarded as a strategic reserve technology and is generally valued by developed countries in the world.

In addition, the field of fuel cell technology is still developing and innovating, such as molten electrolyte fuel power cells. Countries are also jointly discussing international standards for new generation fuel cells to promote the development and application of fuel cell technology.

Please note that although these technologies have great potential, commercial application requires solving many technical challenges and economic issues. Therefore, paying attention to the latest scientific research progress and industry trends is crucial to understanding the development trends of carbon fuel power cell technology.

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