Currently, the digital revolution and network economy are sweeping the world. With the application of various information systems in various industries, it has also driven the rapid development of uninterruptible power supplies (UpS). As an important factor directly related to the safe operation of computer software and hardware, the reliability of power quality should be the primary consideration for small and medium-sized enterprises, schools, etc. UpS (Uninterruptable power System) means uninterruptible power supply. It is a constant voltage and constant frequency uninterruptible power supply that contains an energy storage device and an inverter as the main component. It is mainly used to provide power to servers, computer network systems or other Electronic devices provide uninterrupted power supply. Uninterruptible power supply has quickly transformed from a peripheral device of computers and an unreused role into a key device of the Internet and the defender of e-commerce. As the cornerstone of the information society, UpS has begun its new historical mission. With the advent of the Internet era, higher and higher requirements have been placed on the quality of power supply. Whether it is the end-to-end comprehensive protection of the entire network equipment or data transmission channels, high-quality uninterruptible power supplies are required. 1. Working principle of UpS

UpS is a power protection device that contains an energy storage device, uses an inverter as the main component, and stabilizes voltage and frequency output. When the mains power is input normally, the UpS stabilizes the mains power and supplies it to the load. At the same time, it charges the battery inside the machine and stores the energy in the battery. When the mains power is interrupted (power outage due to various reasons) or input failure, UpS will convert the energy of the battery inside the machine into 220V AC to continue to be used by the load, so that the load can maintain normal operation. And protect the load software and hardware from damage.

UpS mainly started to grow in scale in the 1990s. In the early 1990s, UpS was required to provide power without interruption to ensure that user data would not be lost. In the mid-1990s, UpS was equipped with an RS232 interface and a computer monitoring platform. The intelligent UpS equipped with various power monitoring software focuses on the integrity of user data; by the late 1990s, UpS focused on ensuring that the system has "high stability" and "high availability". The needs of different eras have different classification and development of UpS. The classification and development of UpS are the needs of the rapid development of today's information society.

2. Basic classification and characteristics of UpS

There are currently different types of UpS on the market. According to the working mode of UpS, it can be divided into three categories: backup type, double conversion online type, and online interactive type.

1. Standby UpS power supply

It is the original form of static UpS. It is widely used and has mature technology. It generally only uses a small power range, has a simple circuit and is cheap. This kind of UPS basically does not improve the adverse effects such as voltage frequency instability, waveform distortion, and interference from the power grid:

Its working performance characteristics:

1) The mains power utilization rate is high, up to 96%.

2) The output capability is strong and there are no strict restrictions on load current crest factor, surge coefficient, output power factor, overload, etc.

3) The output transfer switch is limited by switching current capability and action time.

4) The input power factor and input current harmonics depend on the load properties.

2. Online interactive UpS power supply

Also known as 3-port UpS power supply, it uses a power frequency transformer. From the perspective of energy transfer, the transformer has three energy flow ports; port 1 is connected to the mains input, port 2 is connected to the battery through a bidirectional converter, and port 3 is the output. When the mains power is supplied, the alternating current flows into the transformer through port 1. , under the control of the voltage stabilizing circuit, select the appropriate transformer tap to pull in, and at the same time, under the action of the bidirectional converter at port 2, the output voltage on port 3 is jointly adjusted with the help of the energy conversion of the battery, so as to achieve better voltage stabilization. Effect. When the mains power fails, the battery supplies power to the transformer through port 2 through the bidirectional converter to maintain the AC output on port 3. In the process of switching the transformer tap of the online UpS power supply, the bidirectional converter works as an inverter and is powered by the battery, so the output voltage can be uninterrupted.

Its working performance characteristics:

1) The mains power utilization rate is high, up to 98%.

2) The output capability is strong and there are no strict restrictions on load current crest factor, surge coefficient, output power factor, overload, etc.

3) The input power factor and input current harmonics depend on the load properties.

4) The converter is directly connected to the output end and is in hot backup state. It has a suppressive effect on output voltage spike interference.

5) The input switch has an off time, so the UpS output still has a conversion time, but it is much shorter than the backup type.

6) The converter also has a charging function and its charging capability is very strong.

7) If an inductor is connected in series between the input switch and the automatic voltage regulator, when the mains power fails, the inverter can immediately supply power to the load, which can avoid the inverter feeding back to the grid when the input switch is not disconnected. Risk of short circuit.

3. Double conversion online UpS power supply

It belongs to the series power transmission method. When mains power exists, AC->D is implemented

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